Gene Frequency Change Calculator: Population Gen...
Calculate how allele frequencies change across generations due to selection, mutation, and drift. Apply Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and evolutionary forces.
Allele Frequency and Hardy-Weinberg
Gene (allele) frequency is the proportion of a specific allele in a gene pool. The Hardy-Weinberg principle predicts that allele frequencies stay constant across generations in the absence of evolution. Deviations reveal evolutionary forces: natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, or non-random mating.
🧬 Gene Frequency Calculator
Free calculator for instant results.
📐 Formula
p + q = 1 | p² + 2pq + q² = 1
p = dominant allele frequency, q = recessive allele frequency. p² = homozygous dominant, 2pq = heterozygous, q² = homozygous recessive.
📝 Worked Example
If 9% of a population has sickle cell (q²=0.09): q=0.3, p=0.7
Carriers (2pq) = 2×0.7×0.3 = 42%
📝 How to Use
❓ FAQ
What is genetic drift?
Random changes in allele frequency in small populations due to chance sampling — not selection. Can fix or eliminate alleles entirely.
What violates Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Mutation, non-random mating, genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection — the five forces of evolution.
Veer Kumavat
Founder & AuthorVeer is a 14-year-old student from Nashik, Maharashtra, who built SciFi Calculators to help students worldwide master STEM subjects. He is passionate about making complex science and math problems accessible through intuitive digital tools.